How were the words for each list in the memory experiment selected?

The words for each list in the memory experiment were selected to operationalize different levels of the independent variable "familiarity." This means that the words were deliberately chosen based on their familiarity to the participants to investigate how this factor influences memory recall. By using words that vary in their commonality or rarity, researchers can assess how familiarity impacts recall performance, allowing for a clearer understanding of how memory works in relation to the level of familiarity with the words.

Focusing on the operationalization of the independent variable is crucial because it establishes the criteria through which the effects on participants' memory can be tested. By manipulating familiarity, researchers can observe subsequent changes in recall, which is essential for drawing valid conclusions from the experiment.