What empirical approach could Dimitri use to study the effects of sleep deprivation on short-term memory?

Designing a study that measures memory function after different amounts of sleep is the best empirical approach for examining the effects of sleep deprivation on short-term memory. This method relies on systematic observation and measurement, which are fundamental principles of empirical research.

By manipulating the amount of sleep that participants receive and then assessing their short-term memory performance through established tests, Dimitri can collect quantifiable data that allows for rigorous analysis. This approach can help establish causal relationships by providing clear evidence of how varying levels of sleep affect memory outcomes.

Using this empirical method ensures that the results are not merely based on subjective experiences or theoretical speculation, which lack the rigor of experimental evidence. This comprehensive approach strengthens the validity and reliability of the findings, contributing valuable insights to the understanding of sleep's impact on cognitive functions.